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近年來,雖(sui)然新(xin)能源汽車市場發展迅猛,但公(gong)共充電(dian)樁少、動力電(dian)池(chi)續航(hang)里程低、充電(dian)時間(jian)長仍然是制約新(xin)能源汽車發展的(de)關鍵(jian)因素。因此(ci)如(ru)何(he)提高(gao)車輛續航(hang)里程,縮短充電(dian)時間(jian)成為行業(ye)共識。
業內人士認為,提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車續(xu)航里程zui簡單的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法是增(zeng)加動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量和(he)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)整車動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓zui高(gao)(gao)至1000V,而縮小充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間的(de)(de)(de)辦法就是在(zai)動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)允許的(de)(de)(de)條件下(xia)將(jiang)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁輸出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓提(ti)(ti)升到(dao)(dao)1000V,并且把(ba)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)提(ti)(ti)升到(dao)(dao)350A,zui大功率達到(dao)(dao)350KW。因(yin)此,高(gao)(gao)壓大功率充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁優勢將(jiang)更加突(tu)顯。
目前很(hen)多(duo)跨(kua)國車企都已(yi)經著手規劃建設超級充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)基礎(chu)設施(shi),而且提出的是350kW、1000V/350A的大(da)功率充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)。近日,戴(dai)姆勒、大(da)眾、福特、寶(bao)馬等汽車產業*組建的歐洲快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)聯(lian)盟(meng)Ionity的*超快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)站(zhan)已(yi)啟用(yong),5月底前,用(yong)戶在該充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)站(zhan)可免費充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)。該充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)樁通過聯(lian)合充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)系統進行充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian),充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)功率高達350KW,能(neng)有效節(jie)約充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)時間。Ionity計劃,到(dao)2018年底總共配置(zhi)100個(ge)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)站(zhan)。到(dao)2020年,在整個(ge)歐洲配置(zhi)400個(ge)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)站(zhan)。
Ionity的*超(chao)快速(su)充電站
據了解,日本CHAdeMO協會(hui)(hui)也(ye)正(zheng)在推(tui)進大(da)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)充(chong)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的研發。但(dan)在是否大(da)面積(ji)推(tui)廣350kW大(da)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)充(chong)電(dian)基礎設(she)施的問(wen)題上,CHAdeMO則表示,在2020年時,不會(hui)(hui)直接建設(she)350kW的大(da)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)充(chong)電(dian)設(she)施,但(dan)是會(hui)(hui)積(ji)極的實驗(yan)驗(yan)證350kW的大(da)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)充(chong)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)。
CHAdeMO的推進方(fang)式相對合理,因(yin)為(wei)大功率充電技術涉及很多問(wen)(wen)題(ti),包括插座設計(ji)、溫度管理、壽命(ming)管理、冷卻系(xi)統(tong)、成(cheng)本問(wen)(wen)題(ti)及對電網的沖擊等,這些問(wen)(wen)題(ti)需(xu)要(yao)不斷摸索(suo)技術,并積極實驗(yan)驗(yan)證。
對(dui)于中國(guo)(guo)來(lai)講,目前(qian)我國(guo)(guo)是(shi)新(xin)能(neng)源汽(qi)車(che)(che)產銷量zui多(duo)的(de)國(guo)(guo)家(jia),也是(shi)電動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)zui多(duo)的(de)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)。公交車(che)(che)、出租(zu)車(che)(che)、物流(liu)車(che)(che)和共享汽(qi)車(che)(che)對(dui)大(da)功率(lv)快速(su)充(chong)電有(you)著急切的(de)需(xu)求,縮短充(chong)電時間(jian),降低(di)運營(ying)成本,提(ti)高(gao)運營(ying)效(xiao)率(lv),直(zhi)接帶來(lai)的(de)是(shi)運營(ying)收益的(de)提(ti)高(gao)。此外我國(guo)(guo)電動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)停車(che)(che)位較少(shao),公共慢充(chong)樁(zhuang)效(xiao)果(guo)并不好,因此用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)對(dui)于快充(chong)也有(you)一定的(de)需(xu)求;另(ling)外在高(gao)速(su)公路上,用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)希望縮短充(chong)電時間(jian),對(dui)快速(su)充(chong)電的(de)需(xu)求更加迫切。
從充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)企業來看,充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)是直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)核(he)心部件,要開發(fa)大(da)功(gong)率充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang),就必須使用(yong)更(geng)多的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai),一個(ge)350KW的直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang),如(ru)果采用(yong)15KW充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai),需要24個(ge)并(bing)聯(lian)。而采用(yong)30KW充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai),只需要12個(ge)并(bing)聯(lian)。模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)并(bing)聯(lian)的數(shu)量越(yue)(yue)少,模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)之(zhi)間的均流(liu)和控(kong)制(zhi)越(yue)(yue)穩定可靠(kao),充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)系統(tong)的集成(cheng)度越(yue)(yue)高(gao),成(cheng)本越(yue)(yue)有優(you)(you)勢,所以(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)功(gong)率越(yue)(yue)大(da),30KW充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)的優(you)(you)勢越(yue)(yue)突出。深圳(zhen)市優(you)(you)優(you)(you)綠能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣有限公司(簡稱“優(you)(you)優(you)(you)綠能”)2017年6月*30KW充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai),截止(zhi)目前為止(zhi)仍(reng)是國內*一家(jia)具備成(cheng)熟30KW模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)技術的廠家(jia),也是*一家(jia)已經(jing)大(da)批量量產30KW模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)并(bing)經(jing)過市場檢驗的模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)廠家(jia)。由(you)于30KW充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)功(gong)率密度高(gao)達45W/in3,轉換效率高(gao)達96%,產品性能,成(cheng)本優(you)(you)勢明(ming)顯,已經(jing)迅速(su)搶占大(da)功(gong)率直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)快充(chong)(chong)(chong)市場。
早在2015年,國(guo)內樁(zhuang)企(qi)普(pu)遍(bian)使用7.5KW充(chong)電模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)作為充(chong)電樁(zhuang)核心組(zu)件(jian)時,優(you)(you)優(you)(you)綠能推出(chu)超小體積15KW充(chong)電模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai),功(gong)率(lv)密(mi)度高(gao)(gao)達(da)33.75 W/in3,輸出(chu)范圍(wei)(wei)就(jiu)已經(jing)滿(man)足200-750V超寬范圍(wei)(wei),轉換效率(lv)高(gao)(gao)達(da)96%,待機功(gong)耗小于10W,了整個(ge)行業充(chong)電模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)的(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)發展。目前,優(you)(you)優(you)(you)綠能在充(chong)電樁(zhuang)電源模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)方面,擁有業內zui全面的(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)系(xi)(xi)列(lie),包括:30KW系(xi)(xi)列(lie)、20KW系(xi)(xi)列(lie)、15KW系(xi)(xi)列(lie)、國(guo)網恒功(gong)率(lv)系(xi)(xi)列(lie)等,并保持技(ji)(ji)術(shu)與產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)地位。優(you)(you)優(you)(you)綠能推出(chu)的(de)20KW超寬恒功(gong)率(lv)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)可(ke)以實(shi)現出(chu)電壓(ya)范圍(wei)(wei)200-1000V,且(qie)在400-1000V范圍(wei)(wei)內平滑輸出(chu)20KW恒功(gong)率(lv),無需掉電切換,該產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)得到很(hen)多國(guo)內外(wai)客戶的(de)青(qing)睞。
國家電(dian)網電(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)(che)服務有限公(gong)司副總江冰(bing)對(dui)未來充(chong)電(dian)基(ji)建(jian)市場做了預(yu)判。他認為,到2020年(nian)動力電(dian)池價格將下降(jiang)一半,能量密度提(ti)高(gao)(gao)一倍(bei)。隨著(zhu)充(chong)電(dian)基(ji)礎(chu)設施的(de)(de)完善,在2020年(nian)電(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)(che)比燃油(you)車(che)(che)更加便捷。電(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)(che)續航普遍超(chao)過400km,電(dian)動車(che)(che)對(dui)能源車(che)(che)的(de)(de)替代正在發生戰(zhan)略(lve)性歷史過程。值得一提(ti)的(de)(de)是,充(chong)電(dian)樁技術(shu)方面將迎來更高(gao)(gao)標(biao)準。2018年(nian)新(xin)能源汽(qi)車(che)(che)將出現高(gao)(gao)壓快充(chong)型的(de)(de)合(he)資汽(qi)車(che)(che)產品,目前已經有合(he)資汽(qi)車(che)(che)企業計劃建(jian)設高(gao)(gao)壓快充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)設備,以(yi)滿(man)足未來產品的(de)(de)使用。
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