導讀： 中電聯對國(guo)家標(biao)準《電動汽車分散充電設施(shi)技術(shu)規(gui)范》公開征求意見。充電樁選址應滿足噪(zao)聲(sheng)對周圍環境的要求；不宜設在多塵或有腐(fu)蝕性氣(qi)體的場所。

近(jin)日，中電(dian)聯對國家標準《電(dian)動汽車(che)分(fen)散(san)充(chong)電(dian)設(she)施技術規范(fan)》公開征求意見，本規范(fan)主要包(bao)括：規劃選址、充(chong)電(dian)系統、供電(dian)系統、配套(tao)設(she)施、竣工驗收等技術內容。

　　該規(gui)(gui)范明確，分散充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)應與配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)相結合。新建住宅配(pei)(pei)(pei)建停(ting)車(che)(che)位(wei)應100%建設(she)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施或預留(liu)建設(she)安裝條件；大型(xing)公共(gong)(gong)建筑(zhu)物配(pei)(pei)(pei)建停(ting)車(che)(che)場(chang)、社(she)(she)會公共(gong)(gong)停(ting)車(che)(che)場(chang)建設(she)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施或預留(liu)建設(she)安裝條件的(de)(de)車(che)(che)位(wei)比例不低于10%；現有停(ting)車(che)(che)位(wei)配(pei)(pei)(pei)建分散充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施，宜(yi)結合電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)(che)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)需求和配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網現狀合理規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)、分步實施。在用戶(hu)居住地停(ting)車(che)(che)位(wei)、單位(wei)停(ting)車(che)(che)場(chang)配(pei)(pei)(pei)建的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)宜(yi)采用交流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)，公共(gong)(gong)建筑(zhu)物停(ting)車(che)(che)場(chang)、社(she)(she)會公共(gong)(gong)停(ting)車(che)(che)場(chang)、路(lu)內臨(lin)時停(ting)車(che)(che)位(wei)配(pei)(pei)(pei)建的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)以直流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)為主。

　　選址(zhi)(zhi)方面。該規范(fan)明確，分散充電(dian)設施(shi)的(de)(de)選址(zhi)(zhi)宜充分利用就(jiu)近的(de)(de)供電(dian)、消(xiao)防及防排洪等公用設施(shi)。分散充電(dian)設施(shi)的(de)(de)選址(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)滿足電(dian)源接入的(de)(de)要求(qiu)。選址(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)應(ying)靠近有潛(qian)在火災或爆炸危(wei)險的(de)(de)地方。當與有爆炸或火災危(wei)險的(de)(de)建筑物毗連(lian)時(shi)，應(ying)符(fu)合現(xian)行國家標準(zhun)《爆炸危(wei)險環境(jing)電(dian)力裝置設計規范(fan)》GB50058的(de)(de)規定(ding)。

　　選(xuan)址應(ying)滿足噪聲對周圍環境的(de)要求(qiu)；不(bu)宜(yi)設(she)(she)在(zai)(zai)多(duo)塵或有腐蝕性氣體的(de)場所，當無法遠(yuan)離時，不(bu)應(ying)設(she)(she)在(zai)(zai)污染(ran)源盛行風向(xiang)的(de)下(xia)風側。分散充電設(she)(she)施(shi)不(bu)宜(yi)設(she)(she)在(zai)(zai)有可能積(ji)水(shui)的(de)場所；不(bu)應(ying)設(she)(she)在(zai)(zai)有劇烈(lie)振(zhen)動的(de)場所；不(bu)宜(yi)建設(she)(she)在(zai)(zai)修車庫內；應(ying)滿足通(tong)信要求(qiu)，宜(yi)選(xuan)在(zai)(zai)有公(gong)用通(tong)信網絡覆(fu)蓋的(de)區(qu)域；應(ying)選(xuan)取(qu)消防(fang)救援力量便(bian)于(yu)到達的(de)場所。

　　充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統方面(mian)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施的(de)布置(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)應(ying)(ying)妨礙(ai)車輛和行(xing)人(ren)的(de)正常通(tong)行(xing)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)應(ying)(ying)結合停車位(wei)合理布局，便于(yu)車輛充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；布置(zhi)(zhi)宜靠近供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，以縮短供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)路徑。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)外(wai)(wai)廓(kuo)距(ju)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)車位(wei)邊緣(yuan)的(de)凈距(ju)不(bu)(bu)(bu)小于(yu)0.4m；充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)與建(構)筑物之(zhi)間檢(jian)修(xiu)距(ju)離不(bu)(bu)(bu)小于(yu)0.8m。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)車位(wei)應(ying)(ying)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)防撞設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施，保護(hu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)及操作人(ren)員安(an)(an)全。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)采用落(luo)地(di)式(shi)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)方式(shi)時(shi)應(ying)(ying)符合下(xia)列要(yao)求：充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)基(ji)礎應(ying)(ying)抬(tai)高(gao)，高(gao)出(chu)場地(di)地(di)坪的(de)高(gao)度室內不(bu)(bu)(bu)應(ying)(ying)低于(yu)50mm，室外(wai)(wai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)應(ying)(ying)低于(yu)200mm；底座基(ji)礎宜大于(yu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)長(chang)寬外(wai)(wai)廓(kuo)尺寸(cun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)應(ying)(ying)低于(yu)50mm。

充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)(bei)采(cai)用壁掛(gua)式安(an)裝(zhuang)方式時應(ying)滿足(zu)下列要(yao)求：應(ying)豎直(zhi)安(an)裝(zhuang)于(yu)與地平面垂直(zhi)的墻(qiang)(qiang)面，墻(qiang)(qiang)面應(ying)符(fu)合(he)(he)承(cheng)重要(yao)求，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施(shi)應(ying)固定可靠；設(she)備(bei)(bei)安(an)裝(zhuang)高度應(ying)便于(yu)操(cao)作(zuo)，設(she)備(bei)(bei)人機界(jie)面操(cao)作(zuo)區域水平中心(xin)線距地面宜為1.5m。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)(bei)垂直(zhi)安(an)裝(zhuang)，偏離垂直(zhi)位(wei)置任(ren)一方向的誤差不應(ying)大(da)于(yu)5°。采(cai)用分(fen)(fen)體(ti)式結構的非車(che)載充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機，其整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)柜宜盡量靠近充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁布置，末端(duan)壓(ya)降應(ying)滿足(zu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)要(yao)求。非承(cheng)載充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機應(ying)具(ju)(ju)備(bei)(bei)交流(liu)(liu)輸入過壓(ya)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)、交流(liu)(liu)輸入過流(liu)(liu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)；直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸出(chu)過壓(ya)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)、直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸出(chu)過流(liu)(liu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)、內(nei)部過溫(wen)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)等(deng)功(gong)(gong)能。交流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機具(ju)(ju)備(bei)(bei)過負荷保(bao)(bao)護(hu)、短路保(bao)(bao)護(hu)和漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)功(gong)(gong)能。交流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)應(ying)符(fu)合(he)(he)現行(xing)國家標(biao)準《電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)傳導充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統第1部分(fen)(fen)：通用要(yao)求》第10.3條的規定。從事(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施(shi)工程施(shi)工的單(dan)位(wei)應(ying)具(ju)(ju)備(bei)(bei)相應(ying)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)(bei)安(an)裝(zhuang)工程專業承(cheng)包(bao)資質。施(shi)工人員應(ying)具(ju)(ju)備(bei)(bei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工作(zuo)業操(cao)作(zuo)證。

　　供(gong)電(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)方(fang)面。分散充電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施的供(gong)電(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)應(ying)符(fu)合現行國家標準《供(gong)配電(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計規范》GB50052的規定。分散充電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施應(ying)視為(wei)三級負荷。充電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施低壓供(gong)電(dian)半(ban)徑應(ying)滿足(zu)末端電(dian)壓質(zhi)量的要求，zui大不宜超過(guo)250m。

　　分(fen)(fen)散(san)充電設(she)施(shi)宜就近接(jie)入公網變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)或用(yong)戶自(zi)有變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)低壓(ya)側。接(jie)入公共電網的分(fen)(fen)散(san)充電設(she)施(shi)負荷(he)容量(liang)大于(yu)100kW或為(wei)其(qi)供(gong)電的專(zhuan)有變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)容量(liang)大于(yu)50kVA時(shi)，宜采用(yong)10kV供(gong)電；當用(yong)戶專(zhuan)有變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)容量(liang)滿(man)足(zu)分(fen)(fen)散(san)充電設(she)施(shi)負荷(he)需(xu)求時(shi)，也(ye)可采用(yong)380V供(gong)電。

　　新建停車(che)場應將低壓電(dian)(dian)源引至充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)車(che)位附近，并設(she)置配電(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)，配電(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)至充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)備應預留電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)路(lu)徑。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)備宜(yi)采用單獨供電(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)，不宜(yi)與其他設(she)備共用一條線(xian)路(lu)。電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)路(lu)徑應合理(li)規劃，電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)應固(gu)定敷(fu)設(she)；戶內電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)宜(yi)采用橋架敷(fu)設(she)、地(di)槽(cao)敷(fu)設(she)、馬道敷(fu)設(she)、穿(chuan)管明敷(fu)等方式(shi)；戶外電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)線(xian)路(lu)宜(yi)采用電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)溝槽(cao)或穿(chuan)保護(hu)管埋地(di)方式(shi)敷(fu)設(she)。