一般認(ren)為(wei)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)(jiu)像手(shou)機充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，能插(cha)上(shang)就(jiu)(jiu)行，但實際上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)比平常的(de)(de)(de)家用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)要(yao)復雜得多(duo)(如圖1示：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車 傳導充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)用(yong)連接(jie)(jie)裝置示意圖)，首先(xian)是物(wu)理(li)接(jie)(jie)口，這(zhe)個物(wu)理(li)接(jie)(jie)口并不能隨隨便便定(ding)下(xia)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)率比較大(da)(da)，而(er)且有(you)(you)通訊(xun)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，所以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)口 就(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)比普通插(cha)座(zuo)復雜的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)：不僅(jin)僅(jin)有(you)(you)傳輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)通路(lu)，還(huan)得留出來通訊(xun)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)通路(lu)。另外(wai)因為(wei)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)率大(da)(da)，在大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流傳輸中很容易出問(wen)題而(er)造成過(guo)熱和起(qi)火，所以，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接(jie)(jie)口都有(you)(you)嚴格的(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)。

電動(dong)汽車(che)(che)(che)充電接(jie)口(kou)有交(jiao)流和(he)直(zhi)流兩種接(jie)口(kou)，GB/T 20324 電動(dong)汽車(che)(che)(che)傳導充電用連接(jie)裝置(zhi)中對電動(dong)汽車(che)(che)(che)充電接(jie)口(kou)標識、溫度、結構要求、插拔力、機(ji)械強度、車(che)(che)(che)輛碾壓(ya)都進行了較為詳(xiang)盡的規定。

一、交流充電接口

滿足充(chong)電(dian)模(mo)(mo)式1、充(chong)電(dian)模(mo)(mo)式2和(he)充(chong)電(dian)模(mo)(mo)式3使用要求的交流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)接口，其額(e)定(ding)工(gong)作電(dian)壓為220V(AC)，額(e)定(ding)工(gong)作電(dian)流(liu)不超過32A。

1. 交(jiao)流充(chong)電接口額定值

2. 交流(liu)充電接(jie)口接(jie)頭及(ji)定(ding)義

表2為(wei)交流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)功能(neng)定義，圖3為(wei)交流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口。在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)過程(cheng)中，首(shou)先連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)保(bao)護接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)，后(hou)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)控制(zhi)確認(ren)端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)與充(chong)(chong)電(dian)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)確認(ren)端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)。在脫開的過程(cheng)中，首(shou)先斷開控制(zhi)確認(ren)端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)與充(chong)(chong)電(dian)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)確認(ren)端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)，后(hou)斷開保(bao)護接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)。車輛(liang)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口的電(dian)氣連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)界(jie)面(mian)如圖4所示。

示(shi)4：充電連接(jie)界面示(shi)意圖

二、直流充電接口

滿足充(chong)電模式(shi)4使用(yong)要求的直流充(chong)電接口，其(qi)額定工作(zuo)電壓為400V/750V(DC)，額定工作(zuo)電流不超過250A。

1. 直(zhi)流充電接口額定(ding)值

2. 直流充電接(jie)(jie)口(kou)接(jie)(jie)頭及定(ding)義

表4為(wei)(wei)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)接(jie)(jie)口(kou)端(duan)子(zi)的(de)功能定(ding)義，圖(tu)5為(wei)(wei)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)接(jie)(jie)口(kou)。車(che)輛(liang)插頭和車(che)輛(liang)插座在連(lian)接(jie)(jie)過程中觸(chu)頭耦(ou)合(he)的(de)順序為(wei)(wei)：保護接(jie)(jie)地，直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)正(zheng)與直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan) 負，車(che)輛(liang)端(duan)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)確認(ren)，低(di)壓(ya)輔助電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)正(zheng)與低(di)壓(ya)輔助電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)負，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)通信與充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)確認(ren)。在脫開的(de)過程中，則順序相反。直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)接(jie)(jie)口(kou)的(de)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)界(jie)面如圖(tu)6所示(shi)。